1. Architecture of Non-Performing Loan Management System
The architecture of the non-performing loan management system consists of four layers, from bottom to top (see Figure 1).
First Layer: Data Source Layer. Responsible for data collection. Firstly, it connects to the loan transferor's bank credit system to obtain basic information about the borrower. Then, it integrates third-party data sources to access the borrower's authentic data. Lastly, it connects to judicial litigation data to ascertain the borrower's litigation status.
Second Layer: Data Platform Layer. This layer establishes a data marketplace based on collected data, forming a data lake and a data warehouse, which includes sections like Customer Marketplace, Asset Marketplace, Financial Marketplace, and Public Marketplace.
Third Layer: Data Application Layer. This layer includes essential functional modules like Due Diligence, Panoramic Profiling, Intelligent Assessment, Intelligent Collection, External Collection, Smart Court, Judicial Auction, Smart Operations, etc., enabling automatic business processes using AI and machine learning.
Fourth Layer: Business Layer. The main business modules of the asset management company, focusing on corporate non-performing loans and personal non-performing loans. The evaluation of corporate non-performing loans mainly emphasizes collateral assessment, differing from personal non-performing loans.
2. Non-Performing Loan Disposal Process
For the disposal of personal non-performing loans, the whole process management ranges from data collection to repayment, mainly in four stages (see Figure 2).
First Stage: Data Collection. Interface with the transferor's credit system to obtain the basic loan data, integrate identity data via third-party platforms, and gather the borrower's litigation data via judicial interfaces.
Second Stage: Due Diligence. Establish a borrower's customer profile and conduct automated due diligence. With a comprehensive understanding of the borrower's credit status, employ AI for intelligent assessment to provide value appraisals and opinions.
Third Stage: Collection. First, use email, voice, and other means to collect loans. For most personal non-performing loans, use external collection, litigation collection, etc., to achieve clearance.
Fourth Stage: Repayment. Achieve repayment accounting and finalization.
3. Explanation of Some Core Links
(1) Intelligent Assessment
Traditional evaluation methods for corporate non-performing loans emphasize collateral assessment or evaluations based on the company's ability to repay debt. However, personal non-performing loans aren't suitable for qualitative evaluation methods but can employ big data, AI, and machine learning for intelligent assessments. Such evaluations reduce manual costs, improve the accuracy of personal non-performing loan assessments, and aid in expanding the domain of bulk transfer businesses for such loans.
(2) Intelligent Collection
Traditional collection tasks are inefficient, with unregulated business management and an unmonitored collection process. Intelligent collection systems often include collection work systems, voice call systems, integrated business management systems, and intelligent service systems. However, while intelligent collection is effective for short-term loans, especially those less than 2 months old, it's not advantageous compared to manual collection for longer-duration loans.
